Marathi, the official language of Maharashtra, has a rich literary tradition dating back to the 12th century. Telugu literature is known for its diverse forms of poetry and dramatic narrative styles. Spoken mainly in the southern states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, Telugu is another classical language recognized by UNESCO. Recognized by UNESCO as a classical language, Tamil boasts a literary tradition that has been continuous for over two thousand years. Tamil, one of the world’s oldest surviving languages, is spoken predominantly in the southern state of Tamil Nadu and the Union Territory of Puducherry.

The language is known for its rich literary heritage, with notable figures like Rabindranath Tagore, the first non-European Nobel laureate in Literature, contributing to its legacy. Bengaliīengali is the second most spoken language in India, widely used in the eastern states of West Bengal, Tripura, and parts of Assam. These include: Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri (also known as Meitei or Meithei), Marathi, Nepali, Oriya (also known as Odia), Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Santhali, Maithili, and Dogri. The Indian constitution, however, officially recognizes 22 major languages. These languages, each with a rich history and culture of its own, significantly contribute to the nation’s linguistic diversity. In addition to Hindi and English, the Indian constitution recognizes 22 other languages under the Eighth Schedule.

English also plays a vital role in international communication and is commonly used in the corporate world. It is widely used in governmental proceedings, judiciary services, and as a medium of instruction in educational institutions, particularly for higher education. It serves as the lingua franca for millions of Indians and is the primary medium of instruction in many schools across northern and central parts of the country.Įnglish, meanwhile, plays a crucial role as the subsidiary official language. Hindi, written in the Devanagari script, is the most widely spoken language in India. The Constitution of India recognizes two official languages at the national level: Hindi and English. The Official Languages: Hindi and English From the mountains of the Himalayas to the coastal plains of Tamil Nadu, from the busy streets of Mumbai to the quiet villages in Bihar, the multilingualism of India reflects the nation’s rich cultural and historical tapestry. This intricate network of languages highlights the unique cultural diversity that defines India. The linguistic diversity in India is extraordinary, with over 1,600 languages spoken across the country. India is renowned for its rich cultural tapestry, a vibrant mosaic of traditions, religions, and languages.

Poetry on sindhi culture in urdu